The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat
Cover | |
| Author | Oliver Sacks |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Subject | Neurology, psychology |
| Genre | Case history, non-fiction |
| Publisher |
|
Publication date | 1985 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type |
|
| Pages | 233 (first edition) |
| ISBN | 0-671-55471-9 |
| OCLC | 12313889 |
| 616.8 19 | |
| LC Class | RC351 .S195 1985 |
| Preceded by | A Leg to Stand On (1984) |
| Followed by | Seeing Voices (1989) |
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales is a 1985 non-fiction book by neurologist Oliver Sacks describing the case histories of some of his patients. Sacks chose the title of the book from the case study of one of his patients who has visual agnosia,[1] a neurological condition that leaves him unable to recognize faces and objects. The book became the basis of an opera of the same name by Michael Nyman, which premiered in 1986.
The book comprises twenty-four essays split into four sections ("Losses", "Excesses", "Transports", and "The World of the Simple"), each dealing with a particular aspect of brain function. The first two sections discuss deficits and excesses (with particular emphasis on the right hemisphere of the brain), while the third and fourth sections describe phenomenological manifestations with reference to spontaneous reminiscences, altered perceptions, and extraordinary qualities of mind found in people with intellectual disabilities.[2]
In addition to describing the cases, Sacks comments on them, explains their pathophysiological background, discusses potential neuroscientific implications of such cases and occasionally makes reference to some psychological concepts, such as the soul, id, ego, and super-ego.
Sacks dedicated the book to Leonard Shengold, M.D.
Content
The individual essays in this book include:
Part One:
- "The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat", about Dr. P., a singer and music teacher who has visual agnosia. He perceives separate features of objects, but cannot correctly identify them or the whole objects that they are part of. At first he supposes that diabetes has affected his vision, but an ophthalmologist suspects a neurological problem and refers him to Sacks. As he leaves Sacks' examination room during his first visit, he momentarily grabs his wife's head, supposing it to be his hat. Unable to treat Dr. P.'s problem, Sacks encourages him to focus on his musical interests, which remain intact.
- "The Lost Mariner", about Jimmie G., who has anterograde amnesia (the loss of the ability to form new memories) and retrograde amnesia (inability to access memories or information from before the disease occurred) due to atypical Korsakoff syndrome acquired after a rather heavy episode of alcoholism in 1970. He can remember nothing of his life since the end of World War II, including events that happened only a few minutes ago. Occasionally, he can recall a few fragments of his life between 1945 and 1970, such as when he sees "satellite" in a headline and subsequently remarks about a satellite tracking job he had that could have occurred only in the 1960s. He believes it is still 1945 (the segment covers his life in the 1970s and early 1980s), and seems to behave as a normal, intelligent young man aside from his inability to remember most of his past and the events of his day-to-day life. He struggles to find meaning, satisfaction, and happiness in the midst of constantly forgetting what he is doing from one moment to the next.
- "The President's Speech",[3] about a ward of aphasiacs and agnosiacs listening to a speech given by an unnamed actor-president, "the old charmer", presumably Ronald Reagan. Many of them laughed at the speech, while others were shocked. Sacks observes that while aphasiacs struggle with words, they can understand natural speech, because the words are paired with other expressive cues. They are acutely aware when the words and cues do not match. The agnosiacs perceived the president's words without understanding them, and found them illogically structured, with one remarking that "he does not speak good prose."
- "The Disembodied Lady", a unique case of a woman losing her entire sense of proprioception (the sense of the position of parts of the body, relative to other neighboring parts of the body), due to acute polyneuropathy. Over the course of months, she learns to control her body by visual feedback alone.
- "The Man Who Fell out of Bed" is about a young man whom Dr. Sacks sees as a medical student. Sacks encounters the patient on the floor of his hospital room, where he tells Sacks that he woke up to find a strange leg in his bed. Assuming that one of the nurses had played a prank on him, he attempted to toss the leg out of bed, only to find that he was attached to it. Although Sacks attempts to persuade the patient that the leg is his own, he remains bewildered in an apparent case of somatoparaphrenia.
- "Hands" describes the case of Madeline J., a 60-year-old blind woman with cerebral palsy who had never used her hands functionally, and referred to them as "useless lumps of dough." Sacks theorized that her inability was not due to incapacity but to lifelong neglect, which had prevented motor development. With encouragement and training, she gradually learned to use her hands and eventually began sculpting, revealing significant artistic ability.
- "Phantoms" explores how the brain's representation of the body can persist even after physical loss, highlighting the mysterious and powerful ways our nervous system constructs bodily awareness. The story serves as an introduction to the complex relationship between physical reality and neural perception.
- "On the Level", another case involving damaged proprioception. Dr. Sacks interviews a patient who has trouble walking upright and discovers that he has lost his innate sense of balance due to Parkinson's-like symptoms that have damaged his inner ears; the patient, comparing his sense of balance to a carpenter's spirit level, suggested constructing a similar level inside a pair of glasses. This enables him to judge his balance by sight and after a few weeks, the task of keeping his eye on the level became less tiring.
- "Eyes Right!", about a woman in her sixties who has hemispatial neglect. She completely forgets the idea of "left" relative to her own body and the world around her. When nurses place food or drink on her left side, she fails to recognize that they are there. Dr. Sacks attempts to show the patient the left side of her body using a video screen setup; when the patient sees the left side of her body, on her right, she is overwhelmed with anxiety and asks for it to stop.
Part Two:
- "Witty Ticcy Ray" tells the story of Ray, a man with Tourette syndrome, whose tics disrupted his life but also fueled his creativity as a jazz drummer. After some trial and error, Dr. Sacks helps Ray find an optimal medication schedule that balances control and self-expression.
- "Cupid's Disease", about an elderly woman whose mild neurosyphilis causes increased energy and flirtatiousness. Sacks reflects on how neurological conditions can sometimes enhance mood and personality.
- "A Matter of Identity", focusing on a man with Korsakoff's syndrome, a condition causing severe memory loss. Unable to form new memories, he constantly invents fictional identities and stories to make sense of his surroundings. The chapter explores how memory shapes identity and how the mind tries to maintain coherence even when memory fails.
- "Yes, Father-Sister", about a woman with fluent but nonsensical speech. It illustrates how language can remain grammatically intact while losing meaning.
- "The Possessed", about a woman with Tourette's syndrome. She experiences uncontrollable tics and vocalizations, but also remarkable creativity and energy. The chapter explores the complex relationship between neurological disorder, personality, and artistic expression.
Part Three:
- "Reminiscence" discusses the case of two elderly women who experience auditory hallucinations—one hearing childhood songs, the other perceiving noises such as ringing, hissing, or rumbling. Neurological examination links the episodes to temporal-lobe seizure activity, with the hallucinations drawing on memories that carry strong personal and emotional associations.
- “Incontinent Nostalgia” briefly discusses patients whose long-buried memories and emotions reawakened after treatment with L-Dopa, revealing how the past endures in the brain and how it can be “activated under special conditions.”
- "The Dog Beneath the Skin", concerning a 22-year-old medical student, "Stephen D.", who, after a night under the influence of amphetamines, cocaine, and PCP, wakes to find he has a tremendously heightened sense of smell.[4] Sacks would reveal many years later that he, in fact, was Stephen D.[5]
Part Four:
- "Rebecca", about a young woman with a congenital intellectual disability, likely related to developmental disorders. Despite her low IQ and struggles with conventional learning, she possesses a deep emotional intelligence, creativity, and an intuitive understanding of social and artistic expression. While traditional testing and assessments label her as severely limited, Sacks observes that Rebecca flourishes in artistic and imaginative spaces, such as theater and storytelling. When placed in an environment where emotional and social intelligence matter more than logic and structured learning, she demonstrates profound abilities that defy her clinical diagnosis.
- "The Twins", about autistic savants. Dr. Sacks meets twin brothers who can neither read nor perform multiplication, yet are playing a "game" of finding very large prime numbers. While the twins were able to spontaneously generate these numbers, from six to twenty digits, Sacks had to resort to a book of prime numbers to join in with them. The twins also instantly count 111 dropped matches, simultaneously remarking that 111 is three 37s. This story has been questioned by Makoto Yamaguchi, who doubts that a book of large prime numbers could exist as described, and points out that reliable scientific reports support only approximate perception when rapidly counting large numbers of items.[6][7] Autistic savant Daniel Tammet points out that the twins provided the matchbox and may have counted its contents beforehand, noting that he finds the value of 111 to be "particularly beautiful and matchstick-like".[8]
- "The Autist Artist", about a 21-year-old named Jose who had been deemed "hopelessly retarded" and had seizures; however, when given Sacks' pocket watch and asked to draw it, he composed himself and drew the watch in surprising detail.
In popular culture
Christopher Rawlence wrote the libretto for a chamber opera—directed by Michael Morris with music by Michael Nyman—based on the title story. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat was first produced by the Institute of Contemporary Arts in London in 1986. A television version of the opera was subsequently broadcast in the UK.
Peter Brook adapted Sacks's book into an acclaimed theatrical production, L'Homme Qui..., which premiered at the Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord, Paris, in 1993. An Indian theatre company performed a play entitled The Blue Mug, based on the book, starring Rajat Kapoor, Konkona Sen Sharma, Ranvir Shorey, and Vinay Pathak.
The Man Who, an album by the Scottish indie pop band Travis, is named after this book.[9]
See also
- An Anthropologist on Mars, 1995 Sacks book
- Proprioception
- Aphasia
- Blindsight
- Hemispatial neglect
- V. S. Ramachandran
- Daniel Levitin
- Steven Pinker
References
Notes
- Sacks, Oliver. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat. Touchstone, 1998, pp. 8–22
- Sacks 1985, p. 163.
- "The President's Speech". Junkfoodforthought.com. Junkfood for Thought. 1 April 2008. Retrieved 17 August 2009.
- Sacks 1985, p. 149.
- Sacks 2007, p. 158.
- Yamaguchi, Makoto (2006). "Questionable Aspects of Oliver Sacks' (1985) Report" (PDF). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 37 (7): 1396, discussion 1389-9, 1401. doi:10.1007/s10803-006-0257-0. PMID 17066308.
- Yamaguchi, Makoto (2007). "Response to Snyder's 'Comments on Priming Skills of Autistic Twins and Yamaguchi (2006) Letter to the Editor: 'Questionable Aspects of Oliver Sacks' (1985) Report'" (PDF). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 37 (7): 1401. doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0397-x.[permanent dead link]
- Wilson, Peter (31 January 2009). "A savvy savant finds his voice". The Australian. Retrieved 10 November 2014.
- "Reviews", Music, UK: BBC.
Bibliography
- Sacks, Oliver (December 1985). The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, and Other Clinical Tales. Summit Books. ISBN 0-671-55471-9.
- Sacks, Oliver (2007-10-22). Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-4081-0., 158 pp.
External links
- Sacks, Oliver, "The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat", Books (official site).
- Sacks, Oliver (1987), The Open Mind, Archive.
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat
Paperback – 10 May 2022
by Oliver Sacks (Author)
4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars (7,910)
CELEBRATING FIFTY YEARS OF PICADOR BOOKS
If a man has lost a leg or an eye, he knows he has lost a leg or an eye; but if he has lost a self – himself – he cannot know it, because he is no longer there to know it.
In this extraordinary book, Dr. Oliver Sacks recounts the stories of patients struggling to adapt to often bizarre worlds of neurological disorder. Here are people who can no longer recognize everyday objects or those they love; who are stricken with violent tics or shout involuntary obscenities, and yet are gifted with unusually acute artistic or mathematical talents. If sometimes beyond our surface comprehension, these brilliant tales illuminate what it means to be human.
A provocative exploration of the mysteries of the human mind, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is a million-copy bestseller by the twentieth century's greatest neurologist.
Part of the Picador Collection, a new series showcasing the best of modern literature.
==
by Oliver Sacks (Author)
4.4 4.4 out of 5 stars (7,910)
CELEBRATING FIFTY YEARS OF PICADOR BOOKS
If a man has lost a leg or an eye, he knows he has lost a leg or an eye; but if he has lost a self – himself – he cannot know it, because he is no longer there to know it.
In this extraordinary book, Dr. Oliver Sacks recounts the stories of patients struggling to adapt to often bizarre worlds of neurological disorder. Here are people who can no longer recognize everyday objects or those they love; who are stricken with violent tics or shout involuntary obscenities, and yet are gifted with unusually acute artistic or mathematical talents. If sometimes beyond our surface comprehension, these brilliant tales illuminate what it means to be human.
A provocative exploration of the mysteries of the human mind, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is a million-copy bestseller by the twentieth century's greatest neurologist.
Part of the Picador Collection, a new series showcasing the best of modern literature.
==
Popular Highlights in this book
What are popular highlights?
Previous page
Of course, the brain is a machine and a computer—everything in classical neurology is correct. But our mental processes, which constitute our being and life, are not just abstract and mechanical but personal as well—and, as such, involve not just classifying and categorizing but continual judging and feeling also.
Highlighted by 324 Kindle readers
To restore the human subject at the center—the suffering, afflicted, fighting human subject—we must deepen a case history to a narrative or tale; only then do we have a “who” as well as a “what,” a real person, a patient, in relation to disease—in relation to the physical.
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Dr. P. may therefore serve as a warning and parable—of what happens to a science which eschews the judgmental, the particular, the personal, and becomes entirely abstract and computational.
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For not only did Dr. P. increasingly fail to see faces, but he saw faces when there were no faces to see:
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From Australia
Philip Bruce Arkinstall
5.0 out of 5 stars Awesome read
Reviewed in Australia on 30 August 2020
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A great mixture of bite size case histories that never the less somehow inform each other, all told with a humanistic and engaging tone. Just enough technical language mixed with amazing insights into how our minds are and what it all could mean.
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John
4.0 out of 5 stars This book is a fascinating look at some really obscure human behaviours
Reviewed in Australia on 15 December 2024
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My doctor recommended this book to me to help me understand some of the problems my wife experiences. I haven't got very far into it yet, but I can tell you that I am really enjoying it.
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Fatemeh Khodaeifar
5.0 out of 5 stars Recommend it to everyone
Reviewed in Australia on 11 June 2020
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Really enjoyed the whole book , interesting narrative
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Char Harrison
5.0 out of 5 stars Really enjoyable read. Especially learning about how complex and ...
Reviewed in Australia on 12 February 2018
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Really enjoyable read. Especially learning about how complex and weird our brains can be. Oliver Sacks makes reading about these a breeze and completely enjoyable
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Catmistress
3.0 out of 5 stars Interesting, but Heavy Going in Parts
Reviewed in Australia on 17 November 2015
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This is a collection of case histories describing patients with various unusual neurological issues, although some of the later stories in the book veer more towards descriptions of intellectual retardation. It was written about thirty years ago; I am not knowledgeable enough about neurology to say how dated it is, but I imagine it would benefit from some updating.
The stories are quite interesting, describing the various ways that neurological pathways can become faulty and the resultant symptoms. As far as Sacks's style goes, if he is writing for the layperson then there is far too much medical terminology and references, making it heavy going in parts. The book is at its best when he simply describes the patients' issues and his interactions with them.
Overall, my feeling on completing the book was mostly one of gloomy sadness that these people's unfortunate disabilities have ended up as curiosities in a book, although the light shines through when we see Sacks learning from some of them. At these moments it seemed a worthwhile read, but Sacks' literary style lets it down.
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Eric Kalde
5.0 out of 5 stars Very entertaining and fascinating. Case studies told with empathy and humour.
Reviewed in Australia on 28 April 2015
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Very entertaining and fascinating. The type of psychological case studies I wish they taught at Uni. Told with empathy and humour.
3 people found this helpful
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Charlotte
4.0 out of 5 stars Fascinating clinical stories of neurological disorders
Reviewed in Australia on 15 November 2021
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Dr Sacks weaves together a series of stories from patients he encountered or treated in the mid1980s. Each chapter is a different case of neurological disorder with the book split into four parts (Losses, Excesses, Transports, World of the Simple). This is definitely a medical practitioner writing rather than a writer trying his hand at medical stories and it shows in the oftentimes unexplained medical jargon (understanding of the proprioceptive body-model is assumed for example), and Sacks' references to Luria and other neuropsychologists are not always interwoven well. That said, the clinical findings are utterly fascinating and although we're come a long way in 30 years, there's clearly still a lot of unexplained findings. The Twins who can recite up to 9 digit prime numbers are wonderfully memorable.
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Philip Southwell
5.0 out of 5 stars The Beauty of Neurological Wonders
Reviewed in Australia on 10 December 2024
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This is a fascinating compilation of neurological case studies drawn from Oliver Sacks' clinical notes. Across twenty-four distinct biographies, you meet individuals with extraordinary neurological conditions. There is the brilliant music professor who grabs his wife's head, mistaking it for a hat. A woman who must constantly watch her limbs to move, as she lacks the innate sense of her own body’s position. My favourite anecdote, told in passing, is about composer Dmitri Shostakovich, who refused to have shrapnel removed from his brain because tilting his head brought him new melodies, fuelling his music. Meanwhile, a pair of intellectually impaired twins astonished the era by mentally calculating large prime numbers while being unable to perform basic arithmetic like adding two small numbers.
Sacks organizes these studies into four neurological categories: deficit of function, excess of function, transports to another world, and "the simple." Although some of his terminology may clash with modern politically correct sensibilities, perceptive readers will see through the words to the psychological and psychiatric conditions they reveal. This is a book that transcends time. Sacks not only examines his cases in detail but also draws parallels with historical accounts from the last few centuries. His meticulous descriptions will undoubtedly serve as invaluable references for generations to come.
Late to the party in 2024, I read this book 39 years after it was first published. By offering a window into the lives and minds of those with atypical brains, it has deepened both my understanding and my empathy. As a teacher the extent of my prior knowledge in the field of neurology was Carol Dweck's "Growth Mindset". Sack's book provided a good, if provocative, counterbalance. For when something in the mind is clearly different (as in each of these cases) what can "Growth Mindset" even mean?
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Gerrit Gmel
4.0 out of 5 stars Beautiful - perhaps a bit dated now
Reviewed in Australia on 30 July 2020
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Although approaching 40 years of age, this book remains a beautiful take on neurology, bringing the human elements back into what can be a dry science. Oliver Sachs is known for mixing magic and wonder into the scientific and his contributions to the field are uncontested. I have watched and read other works of his and I think this book is starting to show its age a bit. Some of the accounts are now widely accepted and common knowledge so they may lose a bit of the excitement they would have sparked a few years ago. Still it remains a beautiful book by a fantastic author, and I’m looking forward to reading more of his, perhaps fewer case reports and more free-form thinking from this deep and gentle thinker.
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History Larks
3.0 out of 5 stars This book was purchased and read, thinking it was ...
Reviewed in Australia on 2 February 2016
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This book was purchased and read, thinking it was a light read -- wasn't I in for a shock!!!. Found the book interesting for the work on the various brain and intellectual injuries that can occur.
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From Australia
sally tarbox
4.0 out of 5 stars "The Neurology of Identity"
Reviewed in Australia on 7 February 2019
In his introduction to this selection of intriguing neurological cases he has encountered, Dr Sacks emphasizes the need " to restore the human subject at the centre - the suffering, afflicted, fighting human subject ...only then do we have a "who" as well as a "what" '.
And in these accounts of the strange tricks the brain can play on the person, those individuals are vividly portrayed with their coping strategies - the woman who, unable to see left would turn a full circle right; people who lose sense of their bodies and need to look in mirrors to adjust their posture.
He considers the occasional 'plus' side of mental disturbance - the heightened sensations of drug use; the re-living of past happy times, as when an elderly woman suddenly started 'hearing' songs from her early childhood, a time that had been sealed off to her in a subsequent hard life. "She felt illness as health, as healing."
He looks too at the mysteries of the 'idiot savant' - twins with learning difficulties such that they could not do simple maths, and yet were inexplicably able to perform mindboggling feats of calculation.
Fascinating book.
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in Australia on 12 October 2015
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sooo goood.
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J Lacey
5.0 out of 5 stars Great read
Reviewed in Australia on 4 July 2014
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Really fascinating. This is a book written for the lay person and is captivating. I recommend this and should not have waited so long to read it.
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From other countries
GuenterKirsch
5.0 out of 5 stars Ein wunderbares Buch
Reviewed in Germany on 10 October 2024
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Philip
5.0 out of 5 stars Insightful
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 13 September 2025
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Fascinating. And beautifully written.
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Aditi
5.0 out of 5 stars Engaging
Reviewed in India on 1 July 2025
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Very engaging and enjoyable
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mohammed
3.0 out of 5 stars Interesting cases, could’ve been shorter
Reviewed in Saudi Arabia on 8 August 2025
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Very interesting cases, but Sacks’ excessive use of em dashes was distracting. The book could have been much shorter without the redundant over-descriptions of how strange the case is or how the patient must feel—sometimes going on for two pages after the conclusion.
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johan wernlund
3.0 out of 5 stars Medicinska ord.
Reviewed in Sweden on 24 February 2023
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Boken är på engelska och skriven av en neurolog.Kan vara svårt för en svensk att förstå alla medicinska termer på engelska.
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Miguel
5.0 out of 5 stars beautiful music, when in actuality they were suffering from ...
Reviewed in the United States on 2 May 2018
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Oliver Sacks’ The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is a collection of recounted case histories of patients suffering from a wide variety of neurological disorders. The book is separated into 4 sections: “Losses,” “Excesses,” “Transports,” and “The World of the Simple.” Each section contains a series of case studies having to do with a specific aspect of neurology, which is defined as “the field of science dealing with the nervous system.” The author, Oliver Sacks, is a British Neurologist who earned his medical degree at Oxford University (Queen’s College) and has lived in New York since 1965 as a practicing neurologist. Currently he is a neurology professor at the NYU School of Medicine, continuing his practice in the NYU Comprehensive Epilepsy Center. Throughout the different sections of the novel, Sacks pairs these short-story-like case histories with “normal” language to provide readers with a more comprehensible understanding of the complex workings of varying neurological disorders. Through his poetic storytelling and thorough understanding of neurological disorders and the brain, Sacks brings attention to the ways in which these disorders content that can be accessible to the reader which makes him even more credible.
In part one of the book titled “Losses,” Sacks discusses neurological disorders that are considered to be “deficits” in normal neurological functioning. He makes the claim that neurologists have the tendency to label nearly all neurological disorders as deficits. This basically means that the individual has some sort of impairment in performance ranging from loss of vision to loss of memory. Based on what we learned in class about the anatomy of the brain, we know that the areas of the brain specifically being affected in these cases are the occipital lobe and hippocampus. Sacks also brings up how this model of mental illness being a deficit is not entirely accurate because such little research has been done on the right hemisphere of the brain in comparison to the left hemisphere. Another point made is that the affected
subjects aren’t given enough credit for their abilities to find ways to compensate for whatever “deficit” they are suffering from. He brings light to such abilities in the case studies provided in this section.
In part two of the book titled “Excesses,” Sacks discusses the overabundance of neurological functioning, the contrary to deficits in metal processes. Rather than focusing strictly on the ways this “excess” affects the brain, Sacks displays how an overabundance of function impacts patients’ daily lives. These case studies primarily consist of patients suffering from Tourette’s Syndrome, which as we know from class is due to there being complications with the basal ganglia (controls body movement), as well as there being less white matter in the brains of individuals with this disorder.
In part three of the book, titled “Transports,” Sacks discusses cases in which neurological conditions altered patients’ perceptions of reality, in ways that can be deemed imaginative, euphoric, and even “otherworldly.” As it is brought up in the case studies within the section, majority of the cases have to do with seizures disturbing certain regions of the brain. One example given of this was how these women claimed to be hearing loud, beautiful music, when in actuality they were suffering from recurring seizures in the temporal lobe of their brains, which we know to be in control of one’s auditory perception.
Lastly, in the final portion of the book titled “The World of the Simple,” Sacks discusses the work he has done with individuals who are mentally challenged in some way. A major theme brought up in the case studies he provides for this section is “concreteness,” which is, in the case of those who are mentally challenged, the way they perceive the world as a collection of material things rather than abstract concepts. He brings light to the true beauty behind such individuals which may seem depressing to one at face value. With this, he ends his book with the stories of
individuals who may not perceive the world and its complexities, but how despite this ability to do so, these mentally challenged patients of his have a strong connection with the concrete world in their musical or mathematical gifts, for example, while still having mental deficiencies, showing that they too are simply human.
When it comes to the ways in which Sacks creates a book that is accessible and much more credible than others he does this by adding outside sources and making the stories he tells both poetic and understandable. He doesn’t try to make it so that neurological disorders are inaccessible to a wider audience. This book reads in a way that anyone, interested in neuroscience or not, can understand it and want to continue to learn about it. In Chapter 18, “The Dog Beneath the Sun”, Sacks brings up the story of a medical student, age 22, on highs. The way this chapter reads is so that it can be accessed by all, the fact that right off the bat this is a profile on someone that any college student can relate too, especially, makes it even more accessible. Sacks states in one of his footnotes clarifying “a strange nostalgia…” (156) that it is a “a strange emotionalism…reminiscence”. The fact that this footnote creates a sense of understanding beyond what is just written shows that Sacks puts in care to wanting his audience to more deeply understand the subject matter. As the case study continues we learn about the enhancement of smell being affiliated with “paraphilia, fetishism, and allied perversions and regressions.” (158) The reason this part is another solid example of Sacks credibility is because in his footnotes he thing refers to this later being described by A.A Brill in 1932 as a “contrast with the overall brilliance, the redolence, of the smell world…” (158). The truth of the matter is that through the creation of access, which is what Sacks is doing by using such simple terms, neuroscience is becoming accessible and something that anyone can enjoy which, in a way, even furthers his credibility. Knowledge like this should be accessible to all not just those who can afford and education and to study it and Sacks is doing just that.
All in all, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat is Oliver Sacks’ way of creating access for all into the realm of neuroscience. The way this book is broken up into four parts makes it easier to digest and creates for a sense of fluidity that makes the reader continue to wonder about other neurological findings. Lastly, looking back at the ways in which Sacks creates accessibility his clear use of simple yet poetic language makes it so that there is a further want to continue to understand neuroscience as a whole instead of just running away from it. The fact that this is written to be understood makes it so that it is much more enjoyable and more easily digested which is, in many ways, a way of inviting all to enjoy the world of neuroscience not just those who have exclusive access to it.
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PreMex
5.0 out of 5 stars I loved this book!
Reviewed in Mexico on 25 January 2019
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Oliver Sacks was as good as a psychiatrist as he was a writer. We make a trip into the world of mental illnesses, through both interesting and heartbreaking cases, making you see that mental health is nothing else than just health.
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Cliente Amazon
5.0 out of 5 stars Bellissimo libro
Reviewed in Italy on 19 April 2017
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Ho comprato questo libro per interesse personale verso le tematiche e per esercitarmi nel leggere in inglese. Lo consiglio a chiunque sia affascinato dalle strane patologie del cervello, oltre ad essere affascinante dal punto di vista dei contenuti, il modo in cui è scritto rende piacevole la lettura che non risulta per nulla pesante. Inoltre la perspicacia di Sacks rende semplici e comprensibili processi e concetti che potrebbero non esserlo.
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Masoed R.
5.0 out of 5 stars man who mistook his amazon account for a book store
Reviewed in France on 25 August 2025
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great book
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Chilsea Brito
5.0 out of 5 stars It sounds like fiction, but it's not.
Reviewed in Brazil on 20 December 2021
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Fascinating read! The way that Oliver Sacks uses to narrate some of the most “absurd” and “unbelievable” clinical cases is beautiful. In the book we have both the “romantic” side, with a very descriptive narrative, and a “report”, in which the author explores a little more the cases from a medical and scientific point of view.
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PROMISE MDLULI
5.0 out of 5 stars Great read!
Reviewed in Japan on 7 May 2022
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My neuropsychology lecturer recommend this book to me a few years ago and I'm glad I finally got the chance to read it. It was very enlightening.
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Cole
5.0 out of 5 stars Great read
Reviewed in Canada on 21 February 2025
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A great read. Outdated medically but the wonder and love that Dr Sacks approaches the stories and talks about his patients and these cases is timeless.
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Zahra Ahmed
4.0 out of 5 stars Nice book
Reviewed in the Netherlands on 25 March 2025
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Very enjoyable, the cover came teared, but otherwise recommended
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Esther
5.0 out of 5 stars Neuroscience in an amazing novel
Reviewed in Spain on 13 May 2015
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If you like neuroscience and want to be entertained, this is the book. Still it can look now a bit old-fashion, maintain the fresh spirit. Entertaining, interesting and will make you wonder about how little we know about our brain and how it works. Amazing!
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A\M
3.0 out of 5 stars Not a scientific text. Not even a thorough account of the patients' humanity. Mostly, a curiosity.
Reviewed in Italy on 7 August 2025
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I'm interested in neuroscience, consciousness, and the self.
When something goes wrong with the physical brain, what happens to the 'mind' sheds light on its inner workings.
That's why I thought this book would be the perfect tool to investigate the matter.
But I'm afraid it's not. Or rather, it is, but only superficially.
Sure, those cases are fascinating – the only part I found really interesting.
But they're not approached scientifically, and their accounts are quite short and not very detailed.
The author is mostly interested in conveying the humanity behind them.
How the involved subjects must be feeling and how they cope with the situation – if that's something you're into.
Even in that regard, though, I find the book doesn't go very deep.
So, your enjoyment will depend on what you're looking for.
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fernando
5.0 out of 5 stars Fascinating
Reviewed in Mexico on 18 April 2018
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I haven't finished reading it, but I don't want to finish it. It is a fascinating view of the world of neurology put into words that are understandable and from a human rather than a scientific point of view. If you are looking for a book that focuses on the scientific side, this is not the right one.
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Priscilla Santos
5.0 out of 5 stars Funny. Curious. Nice reading!
Reviewed in Brazil on 18 May 2021
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Funny. Curious. Nice reading!
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karen smith
4.0 out of 5 stars A fascinating and accessible read.
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 31 October 2018
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This is a really fascinating and accessible read about some of the incredibly quirky neurological conditions people can suffer from. It might sound a dark book but it isn’t at all. It is also written in a very respectful way by Sacks, who evidently cared for his patients a great deal. It is amazing what the brain can do when it is malfunctioning in some way.
My only problem with the book was with the terminology used in the section dealing with people with various kinds of learning disabilities. This is clearly a reflection of the time the book was written and not a lack of respect by Sacks, but it can be hard to read those terms which today are rightly considered totally unacceptable.
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Enguerrand
4.0 out of 5 stars Produit partiellement conforme à l’annonce. Délai conforme.
Reviewed in France on 3 September 2023
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Produit partiellement conforme à l’annonce. Délai conforme.
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Bishub Boruah
4.0 out of 5 stars "Nature of Self"
Reviewed in India on 21 September 2024
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These real life stories illustrate how mysterious and complex the human mind and/or the human brain is. How puzzling is the nature of self if there is any self? If there is no soul, no spirit, if only the brain is all there, then yes, personal identity is a fiction — we do not exist. But we do exist. Perhaps we do have souls. May be we don't have souls, but we are souls or spirits. The body doesn't have a soul. It could be other way around—the soul has a body!
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MARIANO MARTIN PEREZ
4.0 out of 5 stars Añade perspectiva a lo que es el cerebro
Reviewed in Spain on 26 December 2024
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Muy agradable de leer. Ameno y apegado a las personas, los protagonistas de los relatos clínicos. Al menos a mi, me ha proporcionado nuevas perspectivas sobre el papel del cerebro, su potencial y lo que entiende por “realidad”
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Davor
4.0 out of 5 stars Very good read
Reviewed in Canada on 5 August 2020
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Very insightful. The range of humanness is vast.
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Cristal Ortega
4.0 out of 5 stars Book Review
Reviewed in the United States on 28 April 2017
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Oliver Sacks was a neurologist who wrote several different best-sellers that delved into further understanding the capacity of the human brain. He wrote his best-sellers using his collection of cases of patients who suffered from different neurological conditions. Among one of his best sellers is the book The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales where he compiled several of his most interesting clinical tales using his former patients that suffered from a variety of different neurological disorders. In his book, he divided the cases into four different categories; loses, excesses, transports, and simple. This review will further analyze the title of the book, the different neurological disorders that are divided into the four different categories which will then be reviewed categorially by analyzing the ways in which neuroscience is present in the book.
For starters, the book title The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and Other Clinical Tales is extremely fitting because it conveys the essence of the book. The title allows for some curiosity on the reader’s behalf which entices them to read the book because they want to know what kind of neurological disorder prevents the patient from recognizing faces and mistaking their wife for a hat. Dr. Sacks quickly introduces us to the patient responsible of the title of the book during the first chapter. I think it’s fitting that Dr. Sacks chose Dr. P as his first patient as his book title because it sets the precedent to the rest patients in his collection of clinical tails. By introducing the person responsible for the title of the book in the first chapter, it doesn’t leave the reader wondering which patient mistook their wife for a hat. On the contrary, it helps set the tone for the rest of the clinical tales which shows stories about neurological disorders just as wild as Dr. P’s case.
For the most part, the book was very well written and easy to understand. Since the book was divided into four different categories, it allowed for the book to be extremely organized because the cases either fell into a losses, excesses, transports and simple categories. The first part of the book is losses, where Dr. Sacks describes neurological disorders that have a certain kind of loss in their neurological functions. An example of a loss would be visual agnosia which in the case of Dr. P, it took away his ability to distinguish faces. Although Dr. P was unable to distinguish faces, he still found a way to continue his everyday life with minimal interruption by using the help of music to guide him in his life.
Neuroscience is presented in Dr. P’s case excessively. Because Dr. P’s has the inability to recognize faces, it means that his thinking is more abstract and mechanical. Dr. P’s thinking is more computer like because his brain is classifying and categorizing the faces he sees. Dr. P’s case is a prime example of why it’s important for not only the brain to classify and categorize things, but also having continual judging and feeling. If any of these elements are missing in the human brain, people become computer like, just as Dr. P. When people suffer from visual agnosia, just as Dr. P, their life becomes entirely abstract and computational. Dr. Sacks claim regarding that such disorder makes patients computer-like is accurate and valid because after making that claim, he follows up with the reader by showing another brief case of visual agnosia which allows the readers to compare the two patients and understand how complex visual agnosia is.
The second part of the book is excesses, where Dr. Sacks describes neurological disorders that have a superabundance’s of functions. An example of an excess would be Tourette’s syndrome which is when a person has an excess amount of nervous system energy which transpires into production of strange motions and notions such as tics, compulsions, and etc. In the case of Witty Ticcy Ray his Tourette’s was extremely debilitating because his tics were uncontrollable and unorthodox. It wasn’t until Witty Ticcy Ray got started on a new medication called Haldol which allowed him to live his life with minimal interruption with his illness by finding the proper dosage that worked for him.
Neuroscience is presented in the case of Witty Ticcy Ray in several different ways. For starters, Dr. Sacks starts out by explaining that Tourette’s patients have disturbances in the instinctual bases of behavior in the brain. Such areas affected are the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system and amygdala which is where all the determinants for personality are located at. The presentation of neuroscience in the case of Witty Ticcy Ray makes sense with my understanding of neuroscience because it helped me understand how Tourette’s Syndrome works due to the fact that the areas affected are the areas that control personality which in turn with Tourette’s is expressed through different kind of ticks.
Additionally, the treatment for Witty Ticcy Ray’s Tourette’s was a medication called Haldol. Haldol helped control his ticks and helped him assimilate into everyday life. Haldol works by helping to restore the balance of certain natural substances in the brain such as neurotransmitters. Dr. Sacks claims of Haldol working on Witty Ticcy Ray’s Tourette’s demonstrates a further understanding of neuroscience. The only thing I would have liked to see from Dr. Sacks argument about Haldol, would have been to have been provided with an elaborate explanation in the ways in which Haldol helps the neurotransmitters restore chemical balances in the brain.
The third part of the book is transports, where Dr. Sacks describes neurological disorders of patients that suffer from altered perceptions which allows them to transport back to a moment in their past by reminiscing without notice. An example of transports which in the case of Mrs. O’C was caused by temporal lobe seizures due to a stroke the right temporal lobe. In the case of Mrs. O’C she was hearing Irish music in her head which filled her with personal feelings of her past which allowed her in a way to transport back to her childhood. Mrs. O’C Irish music in her head was resolved on its own with time but it shows how some neurological conditions are able to transport patients back to forgotten memories.
Neuroscience is presented in the case of Mrs. O’C in various ways. For starters, it shows the impact of a stroke in the brain and because of the location of the stroke occurred in the right temporal lobe, it allowed for temporal lobe seizures to occur which was the reasoning behind hearing music and transporting to earlier memories. The presentation makes sense with my current understanding of neuroscience because from what I’ve learned in class it was that the temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex. When Mrs. O’C had right temporal lobe seizures, it makes sense that she would hear music in her head. Dr. Sacks also followed up his claim by providing evidence of a test he ran on Mrs. O’C where he electrically stimulated the right temporal lobe and caused her to hear music. Which further proved his claim regarding the temporal lobe seizures and their impact on the human brain.
The fourth part of the book is simple, where Dr. Sacks introduces several different patients who are considered “simple” because they suffer from different forms of mental retardation. Although Dr. Sacks labels these patients as “simple” they completely outgrow that label because Dr. Sacks brings out their personal strengths in each of their case and shows how these patients are able to thrive despite their neurological limitations.
Neuroscience is presented in this final section by Dr. Sacks providing different case studies of patients who all live a simple and innocent lives due to their mental retardation. Although, their world might be simple; that doesn’t mean that their brain doesn’t work. Dr. Sacks did well presenting different patients which helped me understand the different ways that neuroscience works in the world of simple. The last case study of the section of simple shows the story of an Autistic boy named Jose who is referred to as “The Autistic Artist.” Although he was mentally retarded and unable to speak, that did not make him an imbecile because when asked to draw pictures, he drew those same pictures differently and amazingly. The argument that Dr. Sacks makes regarding the different skills of many different individuals with mental retardation and what they can achieve despite their limitations is backed up correctly and well explained by providing different examples of all the different patients.
Altogether, Dr. Sacks collection of various different clinical tales makes for an interesting yet informative neuroscience read. Dr. Sacks effectively examines the personal side of neurosis by making his book an easy read by incorporating empathy with clinical jargon. Dividing the book into four separate parts allows for the reader to get an understanding of how different neurological diseases come in all shapes and sizes. Dr. Sacks effectively explains the concepts of losses in neuroscience, the concept of excesses, the concept of transports and the world of simple. All the different patients that were included in the different sections made it easier to understand the different neurological diseases being explained because it allowed the reader to see different examples of how neuroscience plays a giant role in our everyday lives.
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WF van der Hart
4.0 out of 5 stars interesting if you're interested in neurology
Reviewed in Germany on 12 October 2025
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Interesting stories about several cases of this neurologist. Sometimes a bit too much quoting other neurologist and academic, but still interesting
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阿部敏明
5.0 out of 5 stars The Man Who Mistook His Wife For A Hat: And Other Clinical Tales
Reviewed in Japan on 5 March 2013
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Oliver Sacksの分りやすい英文の短篇集なので楽しんで読めます。
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Maria del Yerro
5.0 out of 5 stars A good book
Reviewed in Spain on 25 September 2015
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It's very interesting and highly recommended. These are very strange cases that demonstrate how complex the mind is and that there are thousands of brain injuries that go undiagnosed and cause the patient to suffer.
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===
🎩 <아내를 모자로 착각한 남자> 요약 및 평론
📚 도서 개요 및 주요 내용 요약
올리버 색스가 1985년에 발표한 <아내를 모자로 착각한 남자>는 신경과 의사로서 그가 만난 독특하고 기이한 신경학적 사례들을 모아 기록한 책입니다. 단순한 의학 보고서가 아니라, 환자들의 삶과 인간적인 고뇌, 그리고 질병이 그들의 존재와 정체성을 어떻게 변화시키는지에 대한 철학적인 탐구를 담고 있습니다.
색스는 환자를 단순히 '결함'이나 '증상'의 집합체로 보지 않고, 질병 속에서도 적응하고 의미를 찾아 나가는 주체적 존재로 바라봅니다. 이 책은 크게 네 부분으로 나뉘어 신경학적 손상의 다양한 양상을 보여줍니다.
Ⅰ. 상실(Losses)
이 부분은 주로 기능 상실과 결함을 다룹니다. 책의 표제작인 <아내를 모자로 착각한 남자>, 즉 **'P 박사'**의 이야기가 대표적입니다. P 박사는 뇌의 시각 피질 중 사물을 인지하고 의미를 부여하는 영역이 손상되어, 눈으로 사물을 보지만 그것이 무엇인지 **인식(인지)**하지 못하는 <시각 실인증(Visual Agnosia)>을 겪습니다. 그는 아내의 얼굴을 모자로 착각하고, 발을 구두로 착각하며, 모든 것을 추상적인 조각이나 도형으로만 인식합니다. 음악 교사였던 그는 오직 음악을 통해서만 현실과 연결될 수 있었습니다. 이 사례는 인간의 뇌가 어떻게 '세계'를 구성하고, 그 구성이 무너질 때 어떤 일이 발생하는지를 극명하게 보여줍니다. 이 외에도 신체의 한쪽을 자신의 것이라고 느끼지 못하는 증상 등, 상실이 인간의 존재론적 기반을 어떻게 흔드는지 보여주는 사례들이 포함됩니다.
Ⅱ. 과잉(Excesses)
이 부분은 신경계의 기능이 비정상적으로 '과도하게' 발현되는 사례들을 다룹니다. 대표적으로는 **<쿠피드 증후군(Cupid Syndrome)>**으로 알려진 투렛 증후군(Tourette's Syndrome)을 앓는 레이의 이야기가 있습니다. 레이는 틱(tic) 증상으로 인해 수시로 기괴한 행동과 욕설을 내뱉지만, 드럼 연주를 할 때는 틱이 사라지고 엄청난 리듬감과 몰입을 보입니다. 색스는 투렛 증후군을 단순한 장애가 아닌, **억압할 수 없는 강력한 충동과 비정상적인 창의성이 공존하는 일종의 '과잉된 삶의 양식'**으로 해석합니다.
Ⅲ. 이행(Transports)
색스의 환자들은 때로 과거의 기억이나 환각 속에 머물기도 합니다. **<환각 속에 사는 할머니>**의 사례처럼, 귀가 먼 노인 환자들이 갑자기 뚜렷하고 생생한 과거의 음악이나 목소리를 듣는 청각 환각을 경험합니다. 이는 뇌의 기억 회로가 외부 입력 없이 자체적으로 '재생'되는 현상으로, 뇌가 단순히 정보를 처리하는 기관이 아니라 끊임없이 이야기를 만들고 현실을 해석하는 주체임을 시사합니다.
Ⅳ. 순박한 사람들(The World of the Simple)
마지막 부분은 지적 장애나 발달 장애를 가진 환자들의 놀라운 능력을 조명합니다. 흔히 '사반트 증후군(Savant Syndrome)'으로 불리는 현상으로, 지능이 낮은 환자가 엄청난 계산 능력이나 예술적 재능을 보이는 경우입니다. 색스는 이들이 세상과 소통하는 방식은 비록 일반적이지 않더라도, 그들 나름의 온전하고 완전한 세계를 가지고 있음을 존중하며 보여줍니다.
🖋 평론 및 의의
<아내를 모자로 착각한 남자>는 과학 저술의 범위를 확장한 기념비적인 작품으로 평가받습니다.
1. <인간>을 바라보는 새로운 시각 (New Humanism)
색스는 질병을 다루면서도 인간을 중심에 놓습니다. 그는 환자의 병력(Case History)을 <이야기(Tale)>로 승화시킵니다. 단순히 증상을 나열하는 대신, 환자의 성격, 취미, 삶의 맥락을 깊이 있게 소개하며, 독자들이 그들의 고통과 기쁨에 공감하게 만듭니다. 그의 글은 환자 개개인의 고유성을 강조하며, **"신경학적 결함은 인간 정신의 고유성을 드러내는 창문"**이라는 메시지를 전달합니다. 이는 의학 윤리와 인문학적 성찰이 결합된 '새로운 휴머니즘'의 정수라 할 수 있습니다.
2. 뇌 과학 대중화의 선구자
색스는 복잡한 신경학적 개념을 문학적인 필치와 비유를 사용하여 일반 독자들이 쉽게 이해하고 흥미를 느끼도록 만들었습니다. 그의 글쓰기는 정확한 과학적 설명과 감동적인 인문학적 스토리텔링을 결합하여, 뇌 과학 분야가 대중적으로 큰 관심을 받게 되는 계기를 마련했습니다. 그는 독자들에게 **'우리의 뇌는 누구인가?'**라는 근원적인 질문을 던지게 합니다.
3. '자아'와 '정체성'에 대한 철학적 성찰
이 책은 <나>라는 존재가 얼마나 취약하며, 뇌 기능이라는 기반 위에 위태롭게 서 있는지를 깨닫게 합니다. P 박사의 사례처럼, 시각 정보에 의미를 부여하는 '혼(Soul)'이 훼손될 때 자아는 어떻게 유지되는가? 레이의 사례처럼, 통제 불가능한 충동이 나의 정체성의 일부인가? 색스는 이러한 질문들을 던지며, **인간의 정체성이란 단순한 이성이나 기억의 집합체가 아니라, 세상과 상호작용하고 끊임없이 적응하며 만들어내는 '이야기'와 '양식(Style)'**임을 보여줍니다.
4. 한계점
일부 비평가들은 색스가 사례들을 너무 <극적>이거나 <문학적>으로 각색하여 의학적 객관성이 떨어진다고 지적하기도 합니다. 또한, 색스가 환자의 사생활을 지나치게 자세히 묘사하거나, 때로는 증상을 **<경이로운 현상>**으로만 다루어 환자의 실제 고통을 희석시키지 않았느냐는 윤리적인 비판도 존재합니다. 그러나 이러한 비판에도 불구하고, 색스의 접근 방식은 신경과 의사들이 환자를 대하는 방식에 근본적인 변화를 가져왔습니다.
🌟 결론
<아내를 모자로 착각한 남자>는 뇌 질환을 겪는 사람들의 삶을 통해 인간 존재의 신비로움과 복잡성을 탐구하는 깊이 있는 책입니다. 독자들에게 <정상>이라는 경계의 모호함을 되묻고, 인간 정신의 무한한 적응력과 아름다움을 일깨워주는 명작입니다.
요약 및 평론이 세진님의 요구를 충족시켰기를 바랍니다. 이 책에 나오는 특정 사례에 대해 더 자세히 알고 싶으신 내용이 있으신가요? 아니면 올리버 색스의 다른 저서에 대한 정보도 찾아드릴 수 있습니다.
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