Awakenings
| Awakenings | |
|---|---|
Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Penny Marshall |
| Screenplay by | Steven Zaillian |
| Based on | Awakenings by Oliver Sacks |
| Produced by | |
| Starring | |
| Cinematography | Miroslav Ondricek |
| Edited by |
|
| Music by | Randy Newman |
Production company | Lasker/Parkes Productions |
| Distributed by | Columbia Pictures |
Release dates |
|
Running time | 121 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $29 million[1] |
| Box office | $108.7 million |
Awakenings is a 1990 American biographical drama film written by Steven Zaillian, directed by Penny Marshall, and starring Robert De Niro, Robin Williams, Julie Kavner, Ruth Nelson, John Heard, Penelope Ann Miller, Peter Stormare and Max von Sydow. It is based on Oliver Sacks's 1973 nonfiction memoir Awakenings. The film tells the story of the fictional neurologist Dr. Malcolm Sayer (Williams), whose character is based on Sacks.
In 1969, Sayer discovers the beneficial effects of the drug L-DOPA and administers the drug to catatonic patients who survived the 1919–1930 epidemic of encephalitis lethargica. The patients—among them the focal character Leonard Lowe (De Niro)—are awakened after decades and must therefore try to acclimate to life in a new and unfamiliar time.
The film is produced by Walter Parkes and Lawrence Lasker, who first encountered Sacks's book as undergraduates at Yale University. Released on December 21, 1990, Awakenings was a critical and commercial success, earning $108.7 million on a $29 million budget. It was nominated for three Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Actor (De Niro), and Best Adapted Screenplay.
Plot
In 1969, Dr. Malcolm Sayer is a dedicated and caring physician at a local hospital in the New York City borough of the Bronx. After working extensively with the catatonic patients who survived the 1919–1930 epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, Sayer discovers stimuli that will "awaken" the patients from their respective catatonic states. Actions such as catching a ball, hearing familiar music, being called by their name, and enjoying human touch each have unique effects on particular patients and offer a glimpse into their worlds. Patient Leonard Lowe seems to remain unmoved, but Dr. Sayer learns that Leonard is able to communicate with him by using a Ouija board.
After attending a lecture at a conference on the drug L-DOPA and its success for patients with Parkinson's disease, Sayer believes that the drug may offer a breakthrough for his own group of patients. A trial run with Leonard yields astounding results; Leonard completely "awakens" from his catatonic state. This success inspires Sayer to ask for funding from donors, so that all the catatonic patients can receive the L-DOPA medication and gain "awakenings" to reality and the present.
Meanwhile, Leonard is adjusting to his new life and becomes romantically interested in Paula, the daughter of another hospital patient. Leonard begins to chafe at the restrictions placed on him as a patient of the hospital, desiring the freedom to come and go as he pleases. He stirs a revolt by arguing his case to Sayer and the hospital administration. As Leonard becomes more agitated, Sayer notices that a number of facial and body tics begin to manifest, which Leonard has difficulty controlling.
Although Dr. Sayer and the hospital staff are initially overjoyed by the success of L-DOPA in reviving a group of catatonic patients, they soon realize that the effects are only temporary. Leonard, the first to "awaken", is also the first to show signs of decline. His tics gradually worsen, his walk becomes a shuffle, and he begins to experience full-body spasms that severely limit his movement. Despite the pain, Leonard remains resolute. He asks Dr. Sayer to film him, hoping that his experience may one day contribute to research that helps others.
Aware of his deteriorating condition, Leonard shares a final lunch with Paula. He tells her that he can no longer see her, but before parting ways, she invites him to dance. While they dance, Leonard's spasms cease for a brief, calming moment.
Although Leonard and Sayer reconcile, Leonard soon returns to a catatonic state. One by one, the other patients follow, despite increasing doses of L-DOPA.
Dr. Sayer speaks to a group of hospital donors, explaining that while the physical awakenings were fleeting, a deeper awakening had occurred, with most feeling a renewed sense of appreciation for life. Sayer also grows from the experience, finally overcoming his intense shyness to ask Nurse Eleanor Costello for coffee.
The staff now treats the patients with greater empathy and dignity, and Paula continues to visit Leonard. Although Leonard is again unresponsive, he and Sayer maintain their connection through the Ouija board, a quiet testament to the enduring human spirit.
Cast
- Robert De Niro as Leonard Lowe
- Anthony J. Nici as Young Leonard
- Robin Williams as Dr. Malcolm Sayer
- John Heard as Dr. Kaufman
- Julie Kavner as Eleanor Costello
- Penelope Ann Miller as Paula
- Ruth Nelson as Mrs. Lowe
- Max von Sydow as Dr. Peter Ingham
- Anne Meara as Miriam
- Dexter Gordon as Rolando
- George Martin as Frank
- Alice Drummond as Lucy
- Richard Libertini as Sidney
- Laura Esterman as Lony
- Barton Heyman as Bert
- Judith Malina as Rose
- Mary Alice as Nurse Margaret
- Bradley Whitford as Dr. Tyler
- John Christopher Jones as Dr. Sullivan
- Mary Catherine Wright as Nurse Beth
- Keith Diamond as Anthony
- Vincent Pastore as Ward #5 Patient #6
- Peter Stormare as neurochemist
Production
Casting
On September 15, 1989, Liz Smith reported that those being considered for the role of Leonard Lowe's mother were Kaye Ballard, Shelley Winters and Anne Jackson.[2] Three weeks later, Newsday named Nancy Marchand as the leading contender.[3]
In January 1990—more than three quarters of the way through the film's four-month shooting schedule[4][5][6]— the matter was seemingly resolved when the February 1990 issue of Premiere magazine published a widely cited story belatedly informing fans that not only had Winters gotten the role, she had been targeted at De Niro's request and had been cast by displaying her Oscar awards (for the benefit of veteran casting director, Bonnie Timmermann).[a]
Despite Liz Smith's, Newsday's and Premiere's seemingly definitive reports (which, minus any mention of the specific film being discussed, would be periodically reiterated and ultimately embellished in subsequent years),[15][16] the film was released in December 1990, featuring neither Winters (whose early dismissal evidently resulted from continuing attempts to pull rank on director Penny Marshall)[17][18] nor any of the other previously publicized candidates (nor at least two others, Jo Van Fleet and Teresa Wright, identified in subsequent accounts),[19][20] but rather the 85-year-old Group Theater alumnus Ruth Nelson, giving a well-received performance in what would be her final feature film.[21][19] "As Leonard's mother," wrote The Wall Street Journal critic, Julie Salamon, "Nelson achieves a wrenching beauty that stands out even among these exceptional actors doing exceptional things."[22] In her 2012 memoir, Penny Marshall recalled:
Filming
Principal photography for Awakenings began on October 16, 1989, at the Kingsboro Psychiatric Center in Brooklyn, New York, which was operating, and lasted until February 16, 1990. According to Williams, actual patients were used in the filming of the movie.[24] In addition to Kingsboro, sequences were filmed at the New York Botanical Garden, Julia Richman High School, the Casa Galicia, and Park Slope, Brooklyn.[25]
Reception
Awakenings was released theatrically on December 12, 1990, with an opening weekend gross of $417,076,[26] opening in second place behind Home Alone's ninth weekend, with $8,306,532.[27] It went on to gross $52.1 million in the United States and Canada,[26] and $56.6 million internationally,[28] for a worldwide total of $108.7 million.
Critical response
Awakenings received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 81% of 37 film critics have given the film a positive review, with an average rating of 6.6/10. Its consensus states: "Elevated by some of Robin Williams'[s] finest non-comedic work and a strong performance from Robert De Niro, Awakenings skirts the edges of melodrama, then soars above it."[29] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score from reviews of mainstream critics, gives the film a score of 74 out of 100, based on 18 reviews.[30] Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of A on a scale of A+ to F.[31]
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film a rating of four stars out of four, writing:
Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly praised the film's performances, citing,
Oliver Sacks, the author of the memoir on which the film is based, "was pleased with a great deal of [the film]", explaining,
Desson Howe of The Washington Post said that the film's tragic aspects did not live up to the strength in its humor, saying,
Similarly, Janet Maslin of The New York Times concluded her review by stating,
Accolades
The film was nominated for three Academy Awards, including: the Academy Award for Best Picture, the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and the Academy Award for Best Actor (Robert De Niro). Robin Williams was also nominated at the 48th Golden Globe Awards for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama.
| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipients | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academy Awards | March 25, 1991 | Best Picture | Walter F. Parkes, Lawrence Lasker | Nominated |
| Best Actor | Robert De Niro | Nominated | ||
| Best Adapted Screenplay | Steven Zaillian | Nominated | ||
| Awards of the Japanese Academy | March 20, 1992 | Best Foreign Film | Awakenings | Nominated |
| Chicago Film Critics Association Awards | 1991 | Best Actor | Robert De Niro | Nominated |
| Golden Globe Awards | January 19, 1991 | Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama | Robin Williams | Nominated |
| Grammy Awards | February 25, 1992 | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | Randy Newman | Nominated |
| National Board of Review Awards | March 4, 1991 | Best Actor | Robert De Niro, Robin Williams (Tie) | Won |
| Top Ten Films | Awakenings | Won | ||
| New York Film Critics Circle Awards | January 13, 1991 | Best Actor | Robert De Niro | Won |
| Writers Guild of America Award | March 20, 1991 | Best Adapted Screenplay | Steven Zaillian | Nominated |
Explanatory notes
- Neither as printed in the following 1990 Premiere excerpt nor as recounted by Winters herself six years later does this anecdote identify by name the casting director in question. As regards gender, however (and notwithstanding subsequent versions to the contrary), Winters's own account clearly cites a "casting lady",[7] and Bonnie Timmerman is indeed the credited casting director on the finished film.[8]
- At this point, a red flag regarding this story's accuracy should have been raised by any truly well-versed Winters fan, given the fact that roughly fifteen years earlier (as was widely reported, both at the time and subsequently), she had famously donated the first of her two Oscars to the Anne Frank Museum in Amsterdam.[9][10][11][12][13] Indeed, Winters' own version of events, as recounted to Tom Snyder in 1996, while failing to inform viewers that she did not in fact land the role in question, is accurate as regards both number of Oscars involved and gender—i.e. female—of both the film's unnamed "casting lady" and director Penny Marshall, towards whom, at least in retrospect, Winters displays a markedly greater degree of deference: "If Penny Marshall, who was the director, was going to ask me to read, that was okay with me."[7]
References
- Awakenings. AFI.
- Smith, Liz (September 15, 1989). "Guess What She's Doing for Love". Daily News (New York). p. 8. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
- Fleming, Michael; Freifeld, Karen; Stasi, Linda (October 4, 1989). "Inside New York: Big Wigs at Lunch". Newsday (New York). p. 12. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
- "New Film Starts". Variety. October 18, 1989. p. 24. ProQuest 1286179696.
Awakenings (Col) 10/11/89.
- "Film Production (Films Currently in Production)". The Hollywood Reporter. December 5, 1989. p. 23. ProQuest 2610466570.
Shooting in New York (Start October 16).
- Filming & Production; Filming Dates. IMDb.
- "SHELLEY WINTERS ~ Interview Tom Snyder Show (1996) pt 1". YouTube.
- "Awakenings. USA, 1990". Monthly Film Bulletin. March 1, 1991. p. 72. ProQuest 1305840679.
Cert—12. dist—Columbia TriStar. p.c.—Columbia. exec. p—Penny Marshall, Anne Schmidt, Elliot Abbott. p—Walter F. Parkes, Lawrence Lasker. assoc. p—Amy Lemisch. p. office co-ordinator—Harriette Kanew. unit p. manager—Timothy M. Bourne. location manager—Richard Baratta. casting—Bonnie Timmermann. (addit.) Todd M. Thaler, Judie Fixler.
- Reuter (January 11, 1975). "Winters' Oscar Going to Anne Frank Museum". The Globe and Mail. p. 34. ProQuest 1239438574.
Miss Winters is in London to make a comedy, Heaven Save Us From Our Friends, opposite Lee J. Cobb. She surprised the cast of the picture by turning up with the little statuette in her luggage. [...] This weekend the unit moves to Bruges, in Belgium, for more shooting and Miss Winters plans to go to Amsterdam to hand over the coveted trophy. A spokesman for Miss Winters said: 'She plans to do this very quietly. She doesn't want people to think she is cashing in on such a tragic story for publicity for herself.
- United Press International (January 16, 1975). "Actress Gives Oscar to Museum". San Bernardino Sun. p. A-3. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- Biederman, Danny (May 1979). "'Oscarisms' Through the Years". American Cinematographer. p. 493. ProQuest 2296239796.
Shelley Winters, Best Supporting Actress winner for THE DIARY OF ANNE FRANK in 1960[sic], would 16 years later donate her Oscar to the Anne Frank Museum in Amsrerdam—the actual house where the thirteen-year-old Anne, in 1942, wrote her journal. At first, the Museum turned down the trophy because they couldn't decide what to do with it. Eventually they changed their mind and accepted the statuette during a ceremony that was attended by Anne Frank's father, Otto.
- McCombs, Don; Worth, Fred L. (1983). World War II Super Facts. New York: Warner Books. pp. 572–573.
- Levy, Emanuel (1987). And the Winner Is... : The History and Politics of the Oscar Awards. New York: Ungar Publishing Company. p. 238. ISBN 0804425108.
- "Shelley Winters Flaunts Talent". The Baltimore Sun. January 25, 1990. p. 2F. Retrieved March 6, 2022. See also:
- Conconi, Chuck (January 25, 1990). "Personalities". The Washington Post. p. B3. ProQuest 140131176.
The actress arrived and sat down across from the casting director. After a moment of silence, she reached into her satchel and pulled out an Oscar, which she placed on the desk. Then she reached in and pulled out another, placing it next to the first. Finally she said, 'Some people think I can act. Do you still want me to read for this part?' 'No, Miss Winters,' came the reply. She got the part.
- Record News Services (January 25, 1990). "Thursday's People: Her Friend, Oscar". The Record. p. 2
- Camilli, Doug (January 26, 1990). "Hanks Harvests Plum Role as Real McCoy in Bonfire of the Vanities". The Montreal Gazette. p. 18.
- Staff and Wire Reports (January 26, 1990). "People: Eastwood Recalls Joy of Filming Series". The St. Petersburg Times. p. 3A. ProQuest 262710756.
The actress arrived and sat down across from the casting director. After a moment of silence, she reached into her satchel and pulled out an Oscar, which she placed on the desk. Then she reached in and pulled out another, placing it next to the first. Finally she said, 'Some people think I can act. Do you still want me to read for this part?' 'No, Miss Winters,' came the reply. She got the part.
- Powell, Lew (January 29, 1990). "Statues Speak Louder Than Words". The Charlotte Observer. p. 6B.
- Berger, Joe; O'Neil, Cindy; eds. (March 13, 1990). "World's Hottest Gossip: Kathleen Turner Goes Nuts for Sexy Leading Men ... and hubby pitches fits!; Prince Dines on Canned Frosting". Weekly World News. p. 13. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
- "Star Gazing: Silence Is Golden". The Winnipeg Sun. August 5, 1992. p. 16.
- Conconi, Chuck (January 25, 1990). "Personalities". The Washington Post. p. B3. ProQuest 140131176.
- Ebert, Roger (May 12, 1995). "'Sharks' Takes Sardonic Swipe at Hollywood". Chicago Sun-Times. p. 37. Retrieved—via RogerEbert.com. "When we first meet [Guy], he's having lunch with a table full of other ambitious young would-be executives, at Musso and Frank's. He's telling an anecdote about how Shelley Winters was asked to audition for a producer once, and simply pulled her Oscars out of her handbag and lined them up on his desk. It would be a great story, if the others had heard of Shelley Winters (one of them finally remembers her from 'The Poseidon Adventure'). Retrieved March 6, 2022. See also:
- "SHELLEY WINTERS ~ Interview Tom Snyder Show (1996) pt 1". YouTube.
- Bernard, Jami (September 17, 2000). "And the Return Envelope, Please... ". New York Daily News.
- "Movies: When Shelley Winters was asked to audition...". The Sun Herald Marquee. March 27, 2003. p.4.
- Danziger, Maya (February 2005). "The Twilight Zone: The Shelley Winters Moment". Los Angeles Magazine. p. 75.
- O'Malley, Sheila (January 16, 2006). "R.I.P., Shelley Winters". The Sheila Variations.
- "Shelley Winters; Comments [Comment #4]". DAMEonline.net. November 12, 2007.
- O'Malley, Sheila (December 1, 2008). "The Books: “Shelley, Also Known As Shirley” (Shelley Winters)". The Sheila Variations.
- Brown, David (March 6, 2014). "Albert Pujols channels Joe Pesci character after being insulted by Mike Trout comparison". Yahoo!Entertainment.
- Cronin, Brian (July 6, 2022). "Is the Famous Shelley Winters Oscar Story Really True?". CBR. Retrieved February 6, 2023.
- Agan, Patrick (1993). Robert De Niro: The Man, the Myth and the Movies. London: Robert Hale. pp. 187–188. ISBN 9780709052241.
- Baxter, John (2003). De Niro: An Autobiography. London: HarperCollinsPublishers. p. 289. ISBN 0-00-653230-6.
- Haun, Harry (2000). The Cinematic Century: An Intimate Diary of America's Affair with the Movies. New York: Applause. ISBN 1557834008.
- Spoto, Donald (2016). A Girl's Got to Breathe: The Life of Teresa Wright. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781628460452.
- Stone, Judy (December 20, 1990). "De Niro Shines in "Awakenings'". The San Francisco Chronicle. p. 4. ProQuest 302504282.
For an all-too-brief time, he's free of the deeply symbiotic relationship with his too-devoted mother (Ruth Nelson, so splendidly shaken by his unexpected 'recovery').
See also:- Honeycutt, Kirk (December 13, 1990). "De Niro Shines in "Awakenings'". The Hollywood Reporter. pp. 9, 18. ProQuest 2610464859.
The film's most tough-minded performance belongs to Ruth Nelson as Leonard's tenacious, white-haired mother. Having tended him for decades, she is overwhelmed by his recovery, yet better prepared to face its consequences than the doctors
. - Carroll, Kathleen (December 20, 1990). "De Niro Rises and Shines in 'Awakenings'; Robin Williams and Ruth Nelson also touch the heart in this Tale of medical miracles". New York Daily News. p. 31, 39. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
- Svitil, Torene (December 21, 1990). "Reviews: Awakenings". Screen International. p. 14. ProQuest 1014656550.
Williams and Julie Kavner (who plays his nurse) are sympathetic and Ruth Nelson is flawless as his mother
. - Agan. op. cit., p. 188.
- Honeycutt, Kirk (December 13, 1990). "De Niro Shines in "Awakenings'". The Hollywood Reporter. pp. 9, 18. ProQuest 2610464859.
- Salamon, Julie (December 20, 1990). "Real Rip van Winkles in 'Awakenings'". The Wall Street Journal. pp. A14. ProQuest 135423138..
- Marshall, Penny (2012). My Mother Was Nuts: A Memoir. Boston: New Harvest/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 239–240. ISBN 978-0-547-89262-7.
- Robin Williams Interview on the Tonight Show, 1991. Tonight Show. NBC. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
- "Awakenings Details". Sony Pictures Television. Sony Movie Channel. Archived from the original on April 29, 2014. Retrieved February 17, 2013.
- "Awakenings (1990)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
- Broeske, Pat H. (January 14, 1991). "Home Alone in 9th Week as No. 1 Film : Movies: 'Godfather Part III' takes dramatic slide from second to sixth place in its third week out. 'Awakenings' is in second". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
- Evan Frook, John (June 26, 1992). "Col TriStar tide rising overseas". Daily Variety. p. 1.
- "Awakenings". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 26, 2025.
- "Awakenings". Metacritic. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
- "Cinemascore". Archived from the original on 2018-12-20. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
- Ebert, Roger (December 20, 1990). "Awakenings". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- Gleiberman, Owen (December 21, 1990). "Awakenings Review". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- Garner, Dwight (December 23, 1996). "The last curious man". Salon. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
- Howe, Desson (January 11, 1991). "'Awakenings'". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
- Maslin, Janet (December 20, 1990). "Movie Review – Awakenings". The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2013.
External links
- 1990 films
- 1990 drama films
- American drama films
- Columbia Pictures films
- 1990s English-language films
- Films scored by Randy Newman
- Drama films based on actual events
- Films based on non-fiction books
- Films based on memoirs
- Films directed by Penny Marshall
- Films set in 1969
- Films set in psychiatric hospitals
- Films shot in New York City
- Films set in the Bronx
- Films with screenplays by Steven Zaillian
- Medical-themed films
- Films based on works by Oliver Sacks
- Films produced by Walter F. Parkes
- 1990s American films
사랑의 기적 (영화)
Awakenings | |
|---|---|
| 감독 | 페니 마셜 |
| 각본 | 스티븐 제일리언 |
| 제작 |
|
| 원작 | 올리버 색스의
|
| 출연 | |
| 촬영 | 미로슬라프 온드르지체크 |
| 편집 |
|
| 음악 | 랜디 뉴먼 |
| 제작사 | 래스커/파크스 프로덕션스 |
| 배급사 | 컬럼비아 픽처스 |
| 개봉일 |
|
| 시간 | 121분 |
| 국가 | |
| 언어 | 영어 |
| 제작비 | 2,900만 달러[1] |
| 흥행수익 | 1억 870만 달러 |
《사랑의 기적》(영어: Awakenings)은 1990년에 개봉한 미국의 전기 드라마 영화이다. 페니 마셜이 감독을, 스티븐 제일리언이 각본을 맡았다. 올리버 색스가 1973년에 펴낸 동명 회고록이 원작이며, 로빈 윌리엄스가 색스에 기반한 인물을, 로버트 드니로가 그가 돌보는 환자를 연기하였다.
비평과 흥행 양면에서 성공하여 제작비 2,900만 달러 대비 수익 1억 870만 달러를 달성했으며, 1991년 제62회 전미 비평가 위원회에서 1990년 최고의 영화 10편에 포함시키는 한편[2] 로버트 드니로에게 남우 주연상을 시상하였다. 또한 제63회 아카데미상에서 작품상, 남우 주연상(드니로), 각색상 후보에 지명되었다.
줄거리
1969년. 브롱크스 병원에 근무하는 맬컴은 환자들에게 헌신하는 내과의이다. 그가 돌보는 긴장증 환자들은 1919년에서 1930년 사이에 일어난 기면성 뇌염 유행 희생자로, 생존률 20%를 뚫고 살아남았으며, 유행 원인은 오늘날까지도 규명되지 않은 상태이다.[3][4]
맬컴은 환자들이 저마다 공 받기, 익숙한 음악, 본인 이름, 피부 접촉 등 특정 자극에 긴장증을 넘어서는 반응을 보인다는 사실을 발견한다. 환자 레너드는 위자보드가 소통 매개체이다.
한 학회에 참석해 파킨슨병 치료제인 L-도파 강연을 들은 맬컴은 이 약이 긴장증에 돌파구가 될 수 있다는 생각에 시험 투약을 시작하고, 레너드가 제일 먼저 긴장증 상태에서 깨어나 현재와 현실을 만끽한다.
레너드는 다른 환자 딸인 폴라와 가까워지고, 자율을 갈망하게 되면서 퇴원하여 본인 필요에 따라 내원하길 원한다. 그러나 레너드는 곧 틱 증상을 보이고, 맬컴은 약이 가져오는 효과가 일시에 불과하다는 사실을 깨닫는다. 다른 환자들도 차차 레너드 뒤를 따른다. 전신에 연축이 일어나고 거의 움직이지 못하게 된 레너드는 관련 연구에 도움이 되고자 맬컴이 자신을 찍게 한다.
맬컴은 후원자들에게 의학 측면에서 깨어남(awakening)은 비록 오래 가지 못했으나 인간의 정신은 그 어떤 약보다도 강력하며 이를 일, 놀이, 우정, 가족처럼 단순하지만 소중한 존재를 통해 풍성하게 만들어야 한다는 다른 일깨움을 남겼다고 말한다. 의료진은 긴장증 환자들에게 전보다 더 존중감을 갖고 대한다.
출연진
- 로버트 드니로 - 레너드 로 역
- 로빈 윌리엄스 - 맬컴 세이어 의사 역
- 줄리 캐브너 - 엘리너 코스텔로 간호사 역
- 존 허드 - 카우프먼 의사 역
- 퍼넬러피 앤 밀러 - 폴라 역
- 막스 폰쉬도브 - 피터 잉엄 의학박사 역
- 빈센트 패스토어 - 제 5 병동 6호 환자 역
- 루스 넬슨 - 로 부인 역
- 조지 마틴 - 프랭크 역
- 앤 미라 - 미리엄 역
- 메리 앨리스 - 마거릿 간호사 역
- 리처드 리버티니 - 시드니 역
- 페테르 스토르마레 - 냉담한 신경화학 강연자 역
- 브래들리 휫퍼드 - 타일러 의사 역
- 덱스터 고든 - 롤란도 역
- 빈 디젤 - 병원 잡역부 역
기타 제작진
- 배역: 보니 티머먼
- 미술: 앤턴 퍼스트
- 의상: 신시아 플린트
レナードの朝
この記事で示されている出典について、該当する記述が具体的にその文献の何ページあるいはどの章節にあるのか、特定が求められています。 |
『レナードの朝』(レナードのあさ、原題:Awakenings)は、医師・オリバー・サックス著作の医療ノンフィクション(1973年刊)。また、そのノンフィクションを基にした舞台作品、映画作品。
内容

マウント・カーメル病院に入院していた嗜眠性脳炎の20名に、1960年代に開発されたパーキンソン病向けの新薬L-ドーパを投与し、覚醒させたが、耐性により効果が薄れていった状況を記述している。
- 第1部 プロローグ
パーキンソン病、パーキンソン症候群、嗜眠性脳炎の説明。マウント・カーメル病院の環境やL-DOPAについて。
- 第2部 目覚め
個々の患者についての20の症例。
- 第3部 展望
サックスの考察。
- 付録
付録1 嗜眠性脳炎の歴史、付録2 奇蹟の薬、付録3 目覚めの脳波的基礎、付録4 L-DOPA以後、付録5 パーキンソン症候群の空間と時間、付録6 カオスと目覚め、付録7 《レナードの朝》の演劇と映画
舞台化
1982年、イギリスでハロルド・ピンターが、本書を基にした戯曲『いわばアラスカ』を執筆した。
映画化
| レナードの朝 | |
|---|---|
| Awakenings | |
| 監督 | ペニー・マーシャル |
| 脚本 | スティーヴン・ザイリアン |
| 原作 | オリヴァー・サックス |
| 製作 | ウォルター・F・パークス ローレンス・ラスカー |
| 製作総指揮 | ペニー・マーシャル アルネ・シュミット エリオット・アボット |
| 出演者 | ロバート・デ・ニーロ ロビン・ウィリアムズ |
| 音楽 | ランディ・ニューマン |
| 撮影 | ミロスラフ・オンドリチェク |
| 編集 | バトル・デイヴィス ジェラルド・B・グリーンバーグ |
| 製作会社 | コロンビア ピクチャーズ パークス/ラスカー・プロダクションズ |
| 配給 | |
| 公開 | |
| 上映時間 | 121分 |
| 製作国 | |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 興行収入 | |
1990年、米国でペニー・マーシャル監督が内容を再構成したフィクションという形で映画化した。原題は『Awakenings』。日本での公開は1991年4月で、邦題は『レナードの朝』。
実話である原作では20名の患者全てに対する記述が行われているが、映画は原作に基づくフィクションであり、レナードに対する描写が主である。患者が示す症状は必ずしも科学的に正確でない。第63回アカデミー賞において作品賞、主演男優賞(ロバート・デ・ニーロ)、脚色賞の3部門でノミネートされたが受賞はならなかった。
ストーリー
1969年、人付き合いが極端に苦手なマルコム・セイヤー医師が、ブロンクスの慢性神経病患者専門の病院に赴任して来る。そもそも研究が専門であり、臨床の経験の全くないセイヤーは、患者との接し方で苦労するが、本来の誠実な人柄で真摯に仕事に取り組む。そんなある日、患者たちに反射神経が残っていることに気付いたセイヤーは、ボールや音楽など様々なものを使った訓練により、患者たちの生気を取り戻すことに成功する。更なる回復を目指し、セイヤーはパーキンソン病の新薬を使うことを考える。まだ公式に認められていない薬ではあるが、最も重症のレナードに対して使うことを上司のカウフマン医師とレナードの唯一の家族である母親に認めてもらう。当初はなかなか成果が現れなかったが、ある夜、レナードは自力でベッドから起き上がり、セイヤーと言葉を交わす。30年ぶりに目覚め、機能を回復したレナードは、セイヤーとともに町に出る。30年ぶりに見る世界はレナードにとって全てが新鮮であり、レナードとセイヤーは患者と医師との関係を超えた友情を育む。
この成功を踏まえ、セイヤーの働きに共感した病院スタッフらの協力の下、他の患者たちにも同じ薬を使用することになる。すると期待通りに、全ての患者が機能を回復する。目覚めた患者たちは生きる幸せを噛み締める。
ある日、レナードは、父親の見舞いにやって来た若い女性ポーラと出会い、彼女に恋をする。そして病院から1人で外出したいと願い出るが、経過を慎重に観察したい医師団から反対される。これに怒ったレナードは暴れ出し、それをきっかけに病状が悪化し始めるとともに凶暴になって行く。子供の頃から大人しい性格だったレナードの変貌ぶりに、レナードの母はショックを受ける。
セイヤーの努力も虚しく、病状が悪くなる一方のレナードは、自分のような患者のために自分の姿を記録にとどめるようにセイヤーに頼む。そんなレナードの姿にセイヤーは自分の無力を強く感じる。そして遂に、レナードをはじめ、同じ薬を使った患者たちは全て元の状態に戻ってしまう。
自分のしたことに疑問を感じ、罪悪感すら抱くセイヤーを、常に彼を支えて来た看護師のエレノアは優しく慰める。そして、患者たちとの交流を通じて、生きていることの素晴らしさ、家族の大切さに気付かされたセイヤーは、これまで意識的に距離をとっていたエレノアとの距離を縮める。
セイヤーらは、その後も治療を続け、患者たちの状態が改善することもあったが、1969年の夏に起きたような目覚ましい回復が見られることはなかった。
キャスト
| 役名 | 俳優 | 日本語吹替 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 機内上映版[2] | ソフト版 | 日本テレビ版 | ||
| レナード・ロウ | ロバート・デ・ニーロ | 金内吉男 | 野沢那智 | |
| マルコム・セイヤー医師 | ロビン・ウィリアムズ | 田中信夫 | 樋浦勉 | 角野卓造 |
| エレノア・コステロ | ジュリー・カブナー | 竹口安芸子 | 北浜晴子 | 矢野陽子 |
| ロウ夫人 | ルース・ネルソン | 斉藤昌 | 中村紀子子 | 稲葉まつ子 |
| カウフマン医師 | ジョン・ハード | 嶋俊介 | 納谷六朗 | 金尾哲夫 |
| ポーラ | ペネロープ・アン・ミラー | 林優子 | 井上喜久子 | 田中敦子 |
| ピーター・インガム医師 | マックス・フォン・シドー | 丸山詠二 | 清川元夢[注釈 1] | 糸博 |
| ルーシー | アリス・ドラモンド | 好村俊子 | ||
| ローズ | ジュディス・マリナ | 秋元千賀子 | ||
| フランク | ジョージ・マーティン | 吉水慶 | ||
| ミリアム | アン・メイラ | 林裕美子 | 火野カチコ | |
| シドニー | リチャード・リバティーニ | 村越伊知郎 | 北村弘一 | |
| ローランド | デクスター・ゴードン | |||
| ジョゼフ | ユセフ・ブロス | 加藤正之 | ||
| マーガレット | メアリー・アリス | 有馬瑞香 | 伊倉一恵 | |
| アンソニー | キース・ダイアモンド | 梅津秀行 | 鈴置洋孝 | 宮本充 |
| サリバン医師 | ジョン・クリストファー・ジョーンズ | 津田英三 | ||
| タイラー医師 | ブラッドリー・ウィットフォード | 森利也 | ||
| 薬学士 | ピーター・ストーメア | 西村知道 | ||
| クリスティーナ | クリスティーナ・ウェルテス | 安田千永子 | ||
| 子供 | アンソニー・J・ニチ | 鈴木祐子 | ||
| 病院の用務員 | ヴィン・ディーゼル (ノンクレジット) | |||
| その他 | N/A | N/A | 藤城裕士 津田英三 小島敏彦 有馬瑞香 安田千永子 村越伊知郎 飯塚昭三 近藤玲子 江沢昌子 | 小野美幸 竹口安芸子 増岡弘 杉田郁子 さとうあい 近藤高子 定岡小百合 宮田光 林一夫 稲葉実 中村秀利 山野史人 斎藤志郎 滝雅也 西宏子 坂口哲夫 江川央生 高橋広司 大島一貴 二見一樹 藤間宇宙 |
| 日本語版制作スタッフ | ||||
| 演出 | 中野寛次 | 福永莞爾 | ||
| 翻訳 | 島伸三 | 森みさ | ||
| 監修 | 松下竹次 | |||
| 調整 | 荒井孝 | 阿部佳代子 | ||
| 効果 | リレーション | 倉橋静男 | ||
| 録音 | オムニバス・ジャパン | |||
| 制作担当 | 神部宗之 菊池由香 (東北新社) | |||
| プロデューサー | 吉岡美惠子 神部宗之 | 金井芳広 門屋大輔 (日本テレビ) | ||
| プロデューサー補 | 小林三紀子 | |||
| 制作 | 東北新社 | |||
| 初回放送 | 1996年1月26日 『金曜ロードショー』 | |||
※上記の他、堀勝之祐がロバート・デ・ニーロの声を担当したもの[3]、冬馬由美がペネロープ・アン・ミラーの声を担当したものが存在する。
※2015年12月2日発売の「吹替洋画劇場」シリーズ「吹替洋画劇場『レナードの朝』デラックス エディション」Blu-rayには本編ディスクとは別に、日本テレビ版(約91分)の吹替を収録した特典ディスクが付属している。
脚注
注釈
出典
- ^ “Awakenings (1990)” (英語). Box Office Mojo. 2022年11月24日閲覧。
- ^ “レナードの朝[吹]機内上映版”. BS10スターチャンネル. 2025年3月26日閲覧。
- ^ “堀 勝之祐”. 81プロデュース. 2025年3月26日閲覧。
参考文献
- Sacks, Oliver (1976-01-29). Awakenings. Pelican (New ed.). Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-1402-1892-3
- オリヴァー・サックス『レナードの朝』春日井晶子 訳、早川書房〈ハヤカワ文庫NF〉、2000年4月。ISBN 978-4-1505-0237-9。
外部リンク
- Other Places - 演劇版について
- レナードの朝 - allcinema
- レナードの朝 - KINENOTE
- Awakenings - オールムービー
- Awakenings - IMDb
- Awakenings - ウェイバックマシン(2011年9月24日アーカイブ分) - TCM Movie Database
- Awakenings - Rotten Tomatoes
레나드의 아침
이 기사에 제시된 출처에 대해서, 해당 서술이 구체적으로 그 문헌의 몇 페이지 혹은 어느 장절에 있는지, 특정이 요구되고 있습니다 . |
『레너드의 아침』(레너드의 아사, 원제:Awakenings)는, 의사・올리버・삭스 저작의 의료논픽션(1973년간). 또, 그 논픽션을 바탕으로 한 무대 작품, 영화 작품.
내용

마운트 카멜 병원에 입원하던 잠면성 뇌염 20명에게 1960년대에 개발된 파킨슨병용 신약 L-도파를 투여하고 각성시켰지만 내성에 의해 효과가 희미해져 가는 상황을 기술하고 있다.
- 제1부 프롤로그
파킨슨 병, 파킨슨 증후군, 졸음 뇌염의 설명. 마운트 카멜 병원의 환경과 L-DOPA에 대해.
- 제2부 각성
개별 환자에 대한 20 가지 사례.
- 제3부 전망
색소폰 고려 사항.
- 부록
부록 1 졸음성 뇌염의 역사, 부록 2 기적의 약, 부록 3 각성의 뇌파적 기초, 부록 4 L-DOPA 이후, 부록 5 파킨슨 증후군의 공간과 시간, 부록 6 혼돈과 각성, 부록 7 레너드의 아침 연극과 영화
무대화
1982년 , 영국 에서 해롤드 핀터 가, 본서를 기초로 한 희곡 「이른바 알래스카 」를 집필했다.
영화화
| 레나드의 아침 | |
|---|---|
| Awakenings | |
| 감독 | 페니 마샬 |
| 각본 | 스티븐 자일리안 |
| 원작 | 올리버 색소폰 |
| 제작 | 월터 F. 파크스 로렌스 라스카 |
| 제작 총 지휘 | 페니 마샬 아르네 슈미트 엘리엇 애봇 |
| 출연자 | 로버트 데 니 로빈 |
| 음악 | 랜디 뉴먼 |
| 촬영 | 미로슬라프 온드리체크 |
| 편집 | 배틀 데이비스 제럴드 B. 그린버그 |
| 제작회사 | 콜롬비아 픽처스 파크스/러스커 프로덕션스 |
| 배급 | |
| 공개 | |
| 상영시간 | 121분 |
| 제작국 | |
| 언어 | 영어 |
| 흥행 소득 | |
1990년 미국 에서 페니 마샬 감독이 내용을 재구성한 픽션이라는 형태로 영화화했다 . 원제는『Awakenings』. 일본에서의 공개는 1991년 4월로, 일본제는 「레너드의 아침」.
실화인 원작에서는 20명의 환자 모두에 대한 기술이 이루어지고 있지만, 영화는 원작에 기초한 픽션이며, 레너드에 대한 묘사가 주이다. 환자가 나타내는 증상은 반드시 과학적으로 정확하지는 않습니다. 제63회 아카데미 상에서 작품상 , 주연 남우상 ( 로버트 데 니로 ), 각색상 3부문에서 후보를 받았지만 수상은 되지 않았다.
스토리
1969年、人付き合いが極端に苦手なマルコム・セイヤー医師が、ブロンクスの慢性神経病患者専門の病院に赴任して来る。そもそも研究が専門であり、臨床の経験の全くないセイヤーは、患者との接し方で苦労するが、本来の誠実な人柄で真摯に仕事に取り組む。そんなある日、患者たちに反射神経が残っていることに気付いたセイヤーは、ボールや音楽など様々なものを使った訓練により、患者たちの生気を取り戻すことに成功する。更なる回復を目指し、セイヤーはパーキンソン病の新薬を使うことを考える。まだ公式に認められていない薬ではあるが、最も重症のレナードに対して使うことを上司のカウフマン医師とレナードの唯一の家族である母親に認めてもらう。当初はなかなか成果が現れなかったが、ある夜、レナードは自力でベッドから起き上がり、セイヤーと言葉を交わす。30年ぶりに目覚め、機能を回復したレナードは、セイヤーとともに町に出る。30年ぶりに見る世界はレナードにとって全てが新鮮であり、レナードとセイヤーは患者と医師との関係を超えた友情を育む。
この成功を踏まえ、セイヤーの働きに共感した病院スタッフらの協力の下、他の患者たちにも同じ薬を使用することになる。すると期待通りに、全ての患者が機能を回復する。目覚めた患者たちは生きる幸せを噛み締める。
ある日、レナードは、父親の見舞いにやって来た若い女性ポーラと出会い、彼女に恋をする。そして病院から1人で外出したいと願い出るが、経過を慎重に観察したい医師団から反対される。これに怒ったレナードは暴れ出し、それをきっかけに病状が悪化し始めるとともに凶暴になって行く。子供の頃から大人しい性格だったレナードの変貌ぶりに、レナードの母はショックを受ける。
セイヤーの努力も虚しく、病状が悪くなる一方のレナードは、自分のような患者のために自分の姿を記録にとどめるようにセイヤーに頼む。そんなレナードの姿にセイヤーは自分の無力を強く感じる。そして遂に、レナードをはじめ、同じ薬を使った患者たちは全て元の状態に戻ってしまう。
自分のしたことに疑問を感じ、罪悪感すら抱くセイヤーを、常に彼を支えて来た看護師のエレノアは優しく慰める。そして、患者たちとの交流を通じて、生きていることの素晴らしさ、家族の大切さに気付かされたセイヤーは、これまで意識的に距離をとっていたエレノアとの距離を縮める。
セイヤーらは、その後も治療を続け、患者たちの状態が改善することもあったが、1969年の夏に起きたような目覚ましい回復が見られることはなかった。
キャスト
| 役名 | 俳優 | 日本語吹替 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 機内上映版[2] | ソフト版 | 日本テレビ版 | ||
| レナード・ロウ | ロバート・デ・ニーロ | 金内吉男 | 野沢那智 | |
| マルコム・セイヤー医師 | ロビン・ウィリアムズ | 田中信夫 | 樋浦勉 | 角野卓造 |
| エレノア・コステロ | ジュリー・カブナー | 竹口安芸子 | 北浜晴子 | 矢野陽子 |
| ロウ夫人 | ルース・ネルソン | 斉藤昌 | 中村紀子子 | 稲葉まつ子 |
| カウフマン医師 | ジョン・ハード | 嶋俊介 | 納谷六朗 | 金尾哲夫 |
| ポーラ | ペネロープ・アン・ミラー | 林優子 | 井上喜久子 | 田中敦子 |
| ピーター・インガム医師 | マックス・フォン・シドー | 丸山詠二 | 清川元夢[注釈 1] | 糸博 |
| ルーシー | アリス・ドラモンド | 好村俊子 | ||
| ローズ | ジュディス・マリナ | 秋元千賀子 | ||
| フランク | ジョージ・マーティン | 吉水慶 | ||
| ミリアム | アン・メイラ | 林裕美子 | 火野カチコ | |
| シドニー | リチャード・リバティーニ | 村越伊知郎 | 北村弘一 | |
| ローランド | デクスター・ゴードン | |||
| ジョゼフ | ユセフ・ブロス | 加藤正之 | ||
| マーガレット | メアリー・アリス | 有馬瑞香 | 伊倉一恵 | |
| アンソニー | キース・ダイアモンド | 梅津秀行 | 鈴置洋孝 | 宮本充 |
| サリバン医師 | ジョン・クリストファー・ジョーンズ | 津田英三 | ||
| タイラー医師 | ブラッドリー・ウィットフォード | 森利也 | ||
| 薬学士 | ピーター・ストーメア | 西村知道 | ||
| クリスティーナ | クリスティーナ・ウェルテス | 安田千永子 | ||
| 子供 | アンソニー・J・ニチ | 鈴木祐子 | ||
| 病院の用務員 | ヴィン・ディーゼル (ノンクレジット) | |||
| その他 | N/A | N/A | 藤城裕士 津田英三 小島敏彦 有馬瑞香 安田千永子 村越伊知郎 飯塚昭三 近藤玲子 江沢昌子 | 小野美幸 竹口安芸子 増岡弘 杉田郁子 さとうあい 近藤高子 定岡小百合 宮田光 林一夫 稲葉実 中村秀利 山野史人 斎藤志郎 滝雅也 西宏子 坂口哲夫 江川央生 高橋広司 大島一貴 二見一樹 藤間宇宙 |
| 日本語版制作スタッフ | ||||
| 演出 | 中野寛次 | 福永莞爾 | ||
| 翻訳 | 島伸三 | 森みさ | ||
| 監修 | 松下竹次 | |||
| 調整 | 荒井孝 | 阿部佳代子 | ||
| 効果 | リレーション | 倉橋静男 | ||
| 録音 | オムニバス・ジャパン | |||
| 制作担当 | 神部宗之 菊池由香 (東北新社) | |||
| プロデューサー | 吉岡美惠子 神部宗之 | 金井芳広 門屋大輔 (日本テレビ) | ||
| プロデューサー補 | 小林三紀子 | |||
| 制作 | 東北新社 | |||
| 初回放送 | 1996年1月26日 『金曜ロードショー』 | |||
※上記の他、堀勝之祐がロバート・デ・ニーロの声を担当したもの[3]、冬馬由美がペネロープ・アン・ミラーの声を担当したものが存在する。
※2015年12月2日発売の「吹替洋画劇場」シリーズ「吹替洋画劇場『レナードの朝』デラックス エディション」Blu-rayには本編ディスクとは別に、日本テレビ版(約91分)の吹替を収録した特典ディスクが付属している。
脚注
주석
- ^ 취환양화극장의 패키지 에는 「나야 로쿠로」라고 오표기되어 있다.
출처
- ↑ “ Awakenings (1990) ” (영어). Box Office Mojo . 2022년 11월 24일에 확인함.
- ↑ “ 레나드의 아침[후키] 기내 상영판 ”. BS10 스타 채널 . 2025년 3월 26일 열람.
- ↑ “ 호리 카츠유키 ”. 81 프로듀스 . 2025년 3월 26일 열람.
참고문헌
- Sacks, Oliver (1976-01-29). Awakenings . Pelican (New ed.). Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-1402-1892-3
- 올리버 색소폰『레너드의 아침』 가스가이 아키코 번역 , 하야카와 서방 <하야카와 문고 NF>, 2000년 4월. ISBN 978-4-1505-0237-9 .
외부 링크
- Other Places - 놀이 버전 정보
- 레너드의 아침 - allcinema
- 레너드의 아침 - KINENOTE
- Awakenings - 올 영화
- Awakenings - IMDb
- Awakenings - Wayback Machine (2011년 9월 24일 아카이브 분) - TCM Movie Database
- Awakenings - Rotten Tomatoes
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